SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL IDEAS OF EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING N THE SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING OF PHENOMENOLOGISTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51707/2618-0529-2022-24-05Keywords:
upbringing, person, education, personality, pedagogical anthropology, socio-anthropological ideas.Abstract
The article analyzes the process of formation and implementation of socio-anthropological ideas of education and upbringing of the second half of the XIX century — 1917. The essential characteristics of the concept of “pedagogical anthropology” are revealed. The purpose, the tasks of education and upbringing in the field of pedagogical anthropology are outlined, which are: to establish the conditioned relationships between various aspects of anthropology, determining the conditions of human socialization and the essential characteristics of interaction in the context of “human — human” within different social and age groups, disclosure of regularities, ways, forms and methods of organization of humanistic-oriented educational process, revealing the essence of man as a subject and object of education. The essence of the anthropological approach is revealed, which allows to analyze the evolution of the interaction of man, nature, society in the historical, social, biological context. The essential characteristics of the conceptual provisions of socio-anthropological ideas of education and upbringing of the second half of the XIX century — 1917 are outlined, such as: synthetic, natural science, sociological, experimental, philosophical, theological. The system of principles on which the then education and upbringing was based (anthropological, ontological, unity of general, special and individual in human cognition, self-knowledge, dialogue, freedom of expression, ambivalence, integrity and uniqueness). The emphasis is placed on the fact that the essence of education and upbringing is based on such socio-anthropological principles as: compliance of education with the natural qualities of the individual, integrity and contradictions of the nature of the educational process, personality as a subject and object of educational influence. It is proved that social anthropology has emerged as a scientific field that claims to form a new explanatory model of modern socio-cultural processes in the radically changed realities associated with structural and social changes in the global order.
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